
Prof Frances Arnold
"Evolution – the adaption of species to different environments – has created an enormous diversity of life. Frances Arnold has used the same principles – genetic change and selection – to develop proteins that solve humankind’s chemical problems. In 1993, Arnold conducted the first directed evolution of enzymes, which are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. The uses of her results include more environmentally friendly manufacturing of chemical substances, such as pharmaceuticals, and the production of renewable fuels."
Frances H. Arnold – Facts – 2018. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2024. Sat. 16 Mar 2024.

Sir Prof Konstantin Novoselov
"Carbon exists in several different natural forms. A material consisting of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice and only one atom thick was long considered a purely theoretical construction. In 2004 Konstantin Novoselov and Andre Geim successfully produced this material, graphene, and mapped its properties: incredibly thin but still incredibly strong, good heat and electrical conductivity, almost entirely transparent yet very dense. Graphene creates new possibilities within materials technology and electronics."
Konstantin Novoselov – Facts. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2024. Sat. 16 Mar 2024.